一、前言

   防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)是監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)建筑中防(fang)火(huo)門(men)工(gong)(gong)作狀(zhuang)態(tai)與聯(lian)動控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制的(de)新型監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，屬于火(huo)災(zai)自(zi)動報警系(xi)統(tong)(tong)分支獨立系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。自(zi)2014年5月1日《火(huo)規》頒布實(shi)(shi)施以來(lai)，防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)開(kai)始在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。由(you)于有關部門(men)現(xian)未出臺驗收標準規范，未明確場所常(chang)開(kai)或(huo)常(chang)閉防(fang)火(huo)門(men)類型、聯(lian)動方式(shi)，給(gei)消防(fang)、設計(ji)、施工(gong)(gong)、驗收等(deng)帶來(lai)諸多(duo)(duo)問題，造成一定(ding)認(ren)識不(bu)同(tong)和誤區(qu)，針對(dui)以上問題，筆者進行(xing)(xing)多(duo)(duo)方面調研和結合多(duo)(duo)年防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)際應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)案例，對(dui)防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)產品工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)現(xian)狀(zhuang)進行(xing)(xing)簡述，并(bing)對(dui)設計(ji)過程(cheng)中存在的(de)問題進行(xing)(xing)分析，闡述個人看法及建議。

二、系統組成

   根據標準GB29364-2012《防(fang)火(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器》，其系統由(you)防(fang)火(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器、門(men)(men)(men)磁(ci)開關、防(fang)火(huo)門(men)(men)(men)現場監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)裝置、電磁(ci)釋放(fang)器、電動(dong)(dong)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)器等組(zu)成(cheng)。參見下圖(tu)兩種(zhong)方案(an)，圖(tu)一(yi)(yi)為一(yi)(yi)體式(shi)方案(an)，門(men)(men)(men)磁(ci)開關和模(mo)塊一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)器和模(mo)塊一(yi)(yi)體式(shi)，2016年7月(yue)份，由(you)高規組(zu)組(zu)織生(sheng)產(chan)廠家(jia)，在沈陽召開討論(lun)會議，并形成(cheng)會議紀要文件。圖(tu)一(yi)(yi)為一(yi)(yi)體式(shi)方案(an)，產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)由(you)一(yi)(yi)體式(shi)防(fang)火(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)模(mo)塊（門(men)(men)(men)磁(ci)開關）、一(yi)(yi)體式(shi)聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)電動(dong)(dong)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)器等組(zu)成(cheng)。圖(tu)二為分體式(shi)方案(an)，門(men)(men)(men)磁(ci)開關、電動(dong)(dong)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)器、現場控(kong)(kong)制裝置（模(mo)塊）分開設(she)計(ji)的產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。

三、應用場所和技術要求

3.1防(fang)火(huo)門(men)具有(you)防(fang)火(huo)、隔(ge)煙作用。為(wei)保障防(fang)火(huo)門(men)防(fang)火(huo)分隔(ge)作用，2015年5月1日頒布(bu)實施的標準GB50016-2014《建(jian)(jian)筑設計(ji)防(fang)火(huo)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)》6.5.1條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)定：常(chang)開防(fang)火(huo)門(men)應(ying)能(neng)在火(huo)災時，自(zi)行(xing)關(guan)閉(bi)，并應(ying)具有(you)信號反饋功能(neng)。為(wei)保障防(fang)火(huo)門(men)阻(zu)止煙氣(qi)擴散功能(neng)的發揮，GB50016-2014《建(jian)(jian)筑設計(ji)防(fang)火(huo)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)》6.5.1條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)定：防(fang)火(huo)門(men)關(guan)閉(bi)后(hou)應(ying)具有(you)防(fang)煙性(xing)能(neng)。

為(wei)了有效(xiao)地(di)指導防火門(men)監(jian)控系(xi)統的(de)工程設計，在2014年5月1日開(kai)始實(shi)施(shi)的(de)標準(zhun)GB50116-2013《火災自動報警系(xi)統設計規范》中，明確規定“各疏散通(tong)道防火門(men)狀(zhuang)態，應反(fan)饋至防火門(men)監(jian)控器。”

由此可(ke)見，建(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)設置的防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)在火(huo)(huo)(huo)災發生時，除(chu)了要能自(zi)行(xing)(xing)關閉(bi)外(wai)，還要確保(bao)閉(bi)合到位(wei)。從目前(qian)工程應用(yong)(yong)的情況(kuang)來看，建(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)的使用(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)不容樂觀，普遍存在因(yin)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)部件機械閉(bi)門(men)器(qi)、順序器(qi)等配件損壞，造成防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)無(wu)法關閉(bi)或關閉(bi)不嚴的現象。為了有(you)效(xiao)控制(zhi)建(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)常(chang)開或常(chang)閉(bi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)的關閉(bi)，并(bing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)所有(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)（包括常(chang)閉(bi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)）的工作狀態，必須設置相(xiang)應的監(jian)(jian)測及控制(zhi)新型防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)監(jian)(jian)控系統(tong)(tong)，對建(jian)筑(zhu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)統(tong)(tong)一管(guan)(guan)理(li)，發生火(huo)(huo)(huo)災時，應接收火(huo)(huo)(huo)災報警系統(tong)(tong)發出火(huo)(huo)(huo)警信(xin)號，聯動關閉(bi)常(chang)開式防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)，并(bing)反饋至防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)監(jian)(jian)控器(qi)。

3.2強制(zhi)性標準設計依據

2014年9月(yue)出版(ban)發行(xing)的與(yu)標(biao)準GB50116-2013配套(tao)使用的建筑標(biao)準設計圖集14X505-1《火(huo)災自動報警(jing)系(xi)(xi)統設計規范(fan)》中(zhong)，給(gei)出防火(huo)門(men)監(jian)控系(xi)(xi)統典型工程設計示(shi)例(li)及產品系(xi)(xi)統部件的安裝要(yao)求，以供(gong)設計人(ren)員參(can)考。

3.3產品(pin)現狀與分類

目(mu)前(qian)，我國防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)廠(chang)家集中(zhong)在泉州、廣東、北(bei)京、上(shang)海、沈陽、成都等(deng)(deng)地區。產(chan)品(pin)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分類(lei)(lei)由(you)三大類(lei)(lei)型，一(yi)類(lei)(lei)由(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)現(xian)場監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)裝置、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁釋放(fang)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)閉門(men)(men)器(qi)(qi)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)、監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)分機等(deng)(deng)組成。第二類(lei)(lei)由(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)現(xian)場監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)裝置、一(yi)體(ti)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)閉門(men)(men)器(qi)(qi)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)、監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)分機等(deng)(deng)組成。第三類(lei)(lei)由(you)輸入輸出模塊、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁釋放(fang)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)閉門(men)(men)器(qi)(qi)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)、應急電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)等(deng)(deng)組成。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)廠(chang)家類(lei)(lei)型為火災自動(dong)報(bao)警(jing)廠(chang)家、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)火災報(bao)警(jing)系(xi)統(tong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元(yuan)件、五金(jin)配件廠(chang)、報(bao)警(jing)集成商等(deng)(deng)。目(mu)前(qian)已有多(duo)家企業的(de)產(chan)品(pin)按照標準(zhun)GB29364-2012《防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)》的(de)規定，通過了(le)消防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品(pin)質量檢(jian)驗(yan)中(zhong)心的(de)型式檢(jian)驗(yan)，并逐步投入實際的(de)工程應用(yong)中(zhong)。

3.4部(bu)份區域或場所(suo)設計存在著誤區

目前，在部(bu)分工(gong)程的(de)(de)設計環節，由于設計人員對防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)監(jian)控系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)及相(xiang)關標準(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)范缺(que)乏充分的(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)，存在一定的(de)(de)設計誤(wu)區，設計存在一定的(de)(de)缺(que)陷，從而影響了系(xi)統(tong)正常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)發揮。常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)開(kai)和常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)設置位置和界定在圖紙應(ying)用(yong)案例未清楚標示，根(gen)據相(xiang)關標準(zhun)(zhun)，原(yuan)則上經常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)人員出入場(chang)合，包括防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)分區與防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)分區、電梯(ti)門(men)(men)(men)(men)口、疏(shu)散通道(dao)，建議采用(yong)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)開(kai)式防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。樓梯(ti)門(men)(men)(men)(men)口建議采用(yong)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)閉(bi)式防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。子母(mu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)應(ying)根(gen)據防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)開(kai)或常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)閉(bi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)性質(zhi)進(jin)行統(tong)一選配，不應(ying)子門(men)(men)(men)(men)為常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)閉(bi)、母(mu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)為常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)開(kai)的(de)(de)誤(wu)區選配。不是所有防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)都應(ying)配置防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)監(jian)控，配電室、貴(gui)重物品室等防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)除外(wai)。相(xiang)關標準(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)范已(yi)作明確規(gui)定，除疏(shu)散通道(dao)外(wai)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)，可以不設防(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)(men)監(jian)控系(xi)統(tong)。

3.5防火門監控(kong)設置定位

目(mu)前，很(hen)多工程項目(mu)只針對建筑中(zhong)設(she)(she)置的常(chang)開(kai)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)進行監控與聯動，確認(ren)火(huo)(huo)災(zai)后，聯動控制常(chang)開(kai)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)關(guan)(guan)閉，并接(jie)收防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)閉合的反饋(kui)信號，而(er)未(wei)設(she)(she)置監視常(chang)閉防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的開(kai)啟、關(guan)(guan)閉、故障(zhang)狀態。  通過對工程項目(mu)中(zhong)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)應(ying)用(yong)場所情況的現場調研，發現因閉門(men)(men)(men)器、順序器損(sun)壞、其(qi)他(ta)人為障(zhang)礙(ai)物等(deng)原因，而(er)造(zao)成防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)不(bu)能正(zheng)常(chang)閉合的問題比較突出。當(dang)發生(sheng)火(huo)(huo)災(zai)時，防(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)未(wei)能起著防(fang)火(huo)(huo)隔煙(yan)作用(yong)，給人員逃生(sheng)安全(quan)構成威脅(xie)。

由于缺乏必(bi)要的(de)監控手段，消防(fang)(fang)安全(quan)管理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)不能及(ji)時(shi)掌握(wo)現(xian)場(chang)存(cun)在(zai)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，導(dao)致(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)不能得到及(ji)時(shi)的(de)維護，從而影響防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)應有(you)的(de)功能。因(yin)此，在(zai)實際工程設(she)計時(shi)，防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控系統監控范(fan)圍，疏散通道上，應設(she)置(zhi)所有(you)常開、常閉防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)進行(xing)監控，才符合滿(man)足強(qiang)制性規范(fan)《火(huo)(huo)規》。  實現(xian)常開防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)“即監又控”，常閉防(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)“只(zhi)監不控”。

3.6不正當替換(huan)產(chan)品(pin)

有部(bu)份建筑(zhu)物(wu)項目，采用傳統火(huo)災(zai)報(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)或消(xiao)防(fang)(fang)聯動控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)替代新(xin)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)門監(jian)控(kong)系統的現(xian)象。現(xian)行標準GB4717-2005《火(huo)災(zai)報(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)》4.2條規(gui)定(ding)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)監(jian)視的除火(huo)災(zai)報(bao)警(jing)、故障信號(hao)(hao)之(zhi)外的其(qi)他輸(shu)入信號(hao)(hao)應作為監(jian)管(guan)(guan)信號(hao)(hao)管(guan)(guan)理。

如果(guo)在實(shi)際(ji)工程設計中采用(yong)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)替代防火(huo)(huo)(huo)門監控(kong)器(qi)(qi)，常(chang)(chang)閉(bi)防火(huo)(huo)(huo)門開(kai)啟(qi)的(de)故障信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)應作為監管信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)管理。標(biao)準GB4717-2005《火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)》5.2.6.2款(kuan)規定，當有(you)監管信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)輸入時(shi)，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)應在100s內發(fa)出與火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)有(you)明(ming)顯區別的(de)監管報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)聲(sheng)、光信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，且聲(sheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)僅能(neng)手動消(xiao)除(chu)。由于實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)常(chang)(chang)閉(bi)防火(huo)(huo)(huo)門也是允許人員通行的(de)，當采用(yong)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)監視防火(huo)(huo)(huo)門的(de)工作狀態時(shi)，一旦常(chang)(chang)閉(bi)防火(huo)(huo)(huo)門打開(kai)，火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)應發(fa)出監管報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)聲(sheng)、光信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，而且此聲(sheng)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)必(bi)須人為手動消(xiao)音才能(neng)解(jie)除(chu)，消(xiao)防控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室的(de)值(zhi)班人員將不斷(duan)處(chu)理聲(sheng)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)消(xiao)音，嚴重影響(xiang)值(zhi)班人員的(de)正常(chang)(chang)工作。

標準(zhun)(zhun)GB29364-2012《防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)》標準(zhun)(zhun)，4.3.1.9款規定監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)應(ying)(ying)有防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)總指示(shi)燈，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi)，該指示(shi)燈應(ying)(ying)點亮(liang)并發出(chu)聲光(guang)報(bao)警信(xin)號(hao)(hao)，聲信(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)聲壓級（正(zheng)前(qian)方1m處(chu)）應(ying)(ying)在65～85dB之間，故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)聲信(xin)號(hao)(hao)每分(fen)鐘至少提示(shi)一(yi)次，每次持(chi)續時(shi)間1～3s。當(dang)開啟的(de)(de)常(chang)(chang)閉防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)閉合后，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)消(xiao)(xiao)除(chu)(chu)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)又處(chu)于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)視(shi)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)聲信(xin)號(hao)(hao)提示(shi)音(yin)解(jie)除(chu)(chu)。也就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)，標準(zhun)(zhun)GB29364-2012《防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)》中關(guan)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)聲信(xin)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)規定，是(shi)根據防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統(tong)特殊的(de)(de)功能(neng)需求確(que)定的(de)(de)，更加符(fu)合實際工程應(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)需要。  按(an)照火(huo)(huo)災自動(dong)報(bao)警系統(tong)產品架(jia)構的(de)(de)要求，消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)只能(neng)連接與消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)相關(guan)的(de)(de)現場部件(jian)。由于(yu)(yu)常(chang)(chang)閉防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)閉合信(xin)息(xi)不屬于(yu)(yu)消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)范疇，消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)不能(neng)連接用(yong)于(yu)(yu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)閉合狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)視(shi)模塊。如果在工程應(ying)(ying)用(yong)過程中使用(yong)消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)替代防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)，按(an)照現行(xing)標準(zhun)(zhun)GB16806-2006《消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)》4.2.2.5款的(de)(de)規定，一(yi)旦常(chang)(chang)閉防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)打開，消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)發出(chu)的(de)(de)聲報(bao)警信(xin)號(hao)(hao)也需人為手動(dong)消(xiao)(xiao)音(yin)才能(neng)解(jie)除(chu)(chu)，同樣影響(xiang)消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)室值班(ban)人員的(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)工作。  

防(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)作為(wei)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)建(jian)筑防(fang)火門(men)(men)專用(yong)獨立監(jian)(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)，其界面(mian)顯示更能直觀地反(fan)映防(fang)火門(men)(men)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)，單一(yi)的(de)控(kong)制功能可以實現對常(chang)開防(fang)火門(men)(men)的(de)可靠聯動(dong)(dong)控(kong)制，同時防(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)器(qi)的(de)專有功能更加(jia)符合消防(fang)安全管理工(gong)作的(de)實際需求(qiu)。因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)實際工(gong)程設計中，應選擇(ze)專用(yong)的(de)防(fang)火門(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)控(kong)器(qi)，而不能采用(yong)火災(zai)報警控(kong)制器(qi)或消防(fang)聯動(dong)(dong)控(kong)制器(qi)替(ti)代。

3.7防火(huo)門監控系(xi)統(tong)未納入CCC強制性目錄

防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控系統消(xiao)防(fang)準入(ru)(ru)(ru)制(zhi)度(du)要(yao)求，取(qu)得消(xiao)防(fang)電(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)監督檢驗中心檢測合格產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，可以(yi)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)市場(chang)銷售，因防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控系統屬于新型產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，未(wei)納入(ru)(ru)(ru)CCC強制(zhi)性(xing)目錄，所以(yi)未(wei)能辦(ban)理CCC工廠(chang)認證，詳情可登入(ru)(ru)(ru)中國消(xiao)防(fang)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)合格評定中心了解，筆者(zhe)呼吁為更規范市場(chang)和產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)一致性(xing)要(yao)求，有關部門(men)應盡快將防(fang)火(huo)門(men)監控系統納入(ru)(ru)(ru)CCC強制(zhi)性(xing)目錄。

3.8聯動控制關閉常開防火門(men)設置誤區

部分工程防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制邏(luo)輯(ji)編程設(she)(she)計(ji)得過于(yu)復(fu)雜，需(xu)(xu)要火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)與(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)按照(zhao)特定(ding)通(tong)訊協(xie)議(yi)(yi)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)，并根(gen)據(ju)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)探測(ce)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)情況確(que)定(ding)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)關閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所范(fan)圍，給具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)工程實(shi)施帶來了一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廠家協(xie)調(diao)困難(nan)。包括(kuo)某些(xie)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)系(xi)統(tong)廠家，鼓吹消防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)體化產品(pin)，目前沒有任(ren)何(he)法規強(qiang)要求采用一(yi)體式報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)產品(pin)。增加沒有任(ren)何(he)技術含量的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，給工程各報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)系(xi)統(tong)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)問題。筆(bi)者建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)甲方(fang)確(que)定(ding)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)要求供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商免費公開通(tong)信(xin)(xin)協(xie)議(yi)(yi)，方(fang)便(bian)(bian)其他子系(xi)統(tong)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)需(xu)(xu)求。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)設(she)(she)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)在(zai)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)發(fa)生時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)能自(zi)行(xing)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關閉，這是防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制邏(luo)輯(ji)編程的(de)(de)(de)(de)依據(ju)，由于(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)發(fa)生火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)時(shi)，火(huo)(huo)(huo)勢具有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)不確(que)定(ding)性(xing)，在(zai)確(que)認火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)后，應(ying)(ying)(ying)關閉建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中(zhong)設(she)(she)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)所有常(chang)開防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)，以(yi)(yi)發(fa)揮防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)分隔的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。這里(li)需(xu)(xu)要說明一(yi)點(dian)(dian)，常(chang)開門(men)(men)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關閉后，可通(tong)過人工推拉(la)打開防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)，方(fang)便(bian)(bian)人員通(tong)行(xing)。因(yin)此，在(zai)具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)系(xi)統(tong)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制邏(luo)輯(ji)編程設(she)(she)計(ji)時(shi)，建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)采取以(yi)(yi)特定(ding)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)區設(she)(she)置(zhi)輸(shu)入輸(shu)出模(mo)塊作(zuo)為(wei)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸發(fa)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)與(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，或由一(yi)只(zhi)手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)按鈕的(de)(de)(de)(de)報(bao)(bao)(bao)警(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)作(zuo)為(wei)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)觸發(fa)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)，以(yi)(yi)及以(yi)(yi)火(huo)(huo)(huo)災(zai)探測(ce)器(qi)(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)輸(shu)出點(dian)(dian)，由防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)監控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)(she)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)所有常(chang)開防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)關閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制模(mo)式。不需(xu)(xu)要以(yi)(yi)樓層(ceng)為(wei)定(ding)位起火(huo)(huo)(huo)點(dian)(dian)，關閉上中(zhong)下樓層(ceng)常(chang)開式防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)和驗收誤區。

四、結束語  

   防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)設(she)置不(bu)(bu)當與管理(li)不(bu)(bu)善，在事故(gu)發生(sheng)時(shi)，極有(you)可(ke)能因(yin)(yin)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)損壞(huai)造(zao)成(cheng)擁(yong)堵、摔跤等(deng)阻塞安全(quan)(quan)疏散(san)(san)的(de)(de)現象發生(sheng)。據(ju)不(bu)(bu)完全(quan)(quan)統(tong)(tong)計，我(wo)國火(huo)(huo)災中，因(yin)(yin)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)未按要(yao)(yao)求關閉，而(er)導(dao)致人(ren)員(yuan)死(si)亡(wang)率上升(sheng)趨勢，給(gei)人(ren)們(men)生(sheng)命財產(chan)帶(dai)來嚴(yan)重(zhong)威脅，因(yin)(yin)此，主管部門(men)(men)(men)出臺了(le)(le)，強制(zhi)規(gui)范標準GB50116-2013《火(huo)(huo)災自(zi)動報警系(xi)統(tong)(tong)設(she)計規(gui)范》于(yu)2014年5月1日實(shi)施(shi)，作了(le)(le)明確要(yao)(yao)求，“各疏散(san)(san)通道防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)，開啟、故(gu)障(zhang)狀態應反饋(kui)(kui)至(zhi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)”。表示是(shi)一個(ge)獨立系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)由簡(jian)單輸入輸出模塊、火(huo)(huo)災控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)等(deng)簡(jian)單組合就(jiu)可(ke)以勝任(ren)。具體實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)案上述已簡(jian)述相關法規(gui)依據(ju)。新(xin)型(xing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，對(dui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)在線監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)與火(huo)(huo)災報警聯動控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，確保(bao)人(ren)員(yuan)從(cong)樓梯疏散(san)(san)通道順利通行的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)性，并實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)常閉式防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)，平時(shi)的(de)(de)狀態信息，并反饋(kui)(kui)至(zhi)安裝(zhuang)于(yu)消(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)室內防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)，由值(zhi)班人(ren)員(yuan)進行監(jian)(jian)(jian)督與維護，因(yin)(yin)此，對(dui)于(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)工作狀態的(de)(de)實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)管理(li)，應是(shi)建(jian)筑消(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)安全(quan)(quan)管理(li)及消(xiao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)設(she)施(shi)維護保(bao)養的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)工作之一。為了(le)(le)有(you)效監(jian)(jian)(jian)管建(jian)筑中設(she)置的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)工作狀態，建(jian)筑中應設(she)置專用防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，并根(gen)據(ju)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)監(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)報警情況(kuang)，對(dui)出現故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)及時(shi)檢(jian)修(xiu)。保(bao)障(zhang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)門(men)(men)(men)發揮應有(you)的(de)(de)作用，保(bao)障(zhang)人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)生(sheng)命財產(chan)安全(quan)(quan)。